How about env variables

I was wondering about env variables in Linux system. Many users using them to setup applications. But did you know about env variables are visible to other ?

Long time ago, there was one system per server and everything was correct. But now systems, especially in cloud environments are used by many users.

Let’s see what exist in file /proc/1/environ

As you can see there is some system variables set in those file.

But many sites are using env variables to pass application specyfic setting like users and passwords… Now you know.

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How to upgrade from Debian 9 to Debian 10

Whats new in Debian 10?

  • UEFI Secure Boot
  • AppArmor enabled per default
  • Optional hardening of APT
  • Unattended-upgrades for stable point releases
  • Substantially improved man pages for German speaking users
  • Network filtering based on nftables framework by default
  • Cryptsetup defaults to on-disk LUKS2 format
  • Driverless printing with CUPS 2.2.10
  • Basic support for Allwinner A64 based devices
  • News from Debian Med Blend
  • GNOME defaults to Wayland
  • Merged /usr on fresh installs
  • News from Debian Live team

For the security reasons please backup before procedding with upgrade.

Make sure You have upgraded your debian distribution to the latest old-stable release. Run following commands from the console:

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get upgrade

If you are up-to-date with Debian 9 distribution you can proced to the next chapter:

Upgrade to Debian 10:

First edit with your favorite editor the /etc/apt/sources.list file. You can change the file also with sed command:

sed -i ‘s/stretch/buster/g’ /etc/apt/sources.list

After that you are able to upgrade to the Debian 10 system by running following commands:

apt-get update

apt-get upgrade

apt-get dist-upgrade

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